Industrial robot is a kind of multi-function and multi degree of freedom Mechatronics automatic mechanical equipment and system, which can complete some operation tasks in the manufacturing process through repeated programming and automatic control. Combined with the manufacturing host or production line, it can form a single machine or multi machine automation system, which can realize a variety of production tasks such as handling, welding, sorting, assembly and spraying without human participation Industry.
Since the first generation of robots came out in the United States in the early 1960s, the development and application of industrial robots have developed rapidly, and they have been widely used in production. They have become an important highly automated equipment in modern manufacturing industry.
Industrial robot is mainly composed of body (including mechanical trunk part, motor, reducer) and electric control (including drive and control system). Its function is to use the end of the actuator instead of hand to grasp objects or tools to complete different tasks. At present, there are three mainstream industrial robots, including SCARA (four axis parallel joint robot), Delta (parallel robot) and six axis multi joint robot (including more than six axis multi joint robot and derived dual arm robot).
The most remarkable features of industrial robots are summarized as follows:
1. Programmable
The further development of production automation is flexible automation. Industrial robot can be reprogrammed according to its work tasks and the needs of environmental changes. Therefore, it can play a good role in the flexible manufacturing process with small batch, multi variety, balanced and high efficiency. It is an important part of flexible manufacturing system (FMS).
2. Personification
Industrial robots are similar to human walking, waist turning, big arms, small arms, wrists, claws and other parts in mechanical structure, and have computers in control. In addition, intelligent industrial robots have many human like “biosensors”, such as skin type contact sensor, force sensor, load sensor, vision sensor, sound sensor, language function and so on. Sensors improve the adaptive ability of industrial robots to the surrounding environment.
3. Generality
In addition to the specially designed industrial robots, the general industrial robots have good versatility in performing different tasks. For example, different tasks can be performed by replacing the hand end manipulator (gripper, tool, etc.) of industrial robot.
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